| A recent study showed that millions of
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| | be 12-18%.
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| Americans are turning to alcohol and
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| | A nineteenth century Swedish physician is
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| other drugs to relieve the discomfort of
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| | credited with being the first to use the
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| their stress-filled lives. However, like
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| | term "alcoholism." Ancient Romans were
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| stress itself, this method of
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| | the first to recognize the pattern of
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| "self-medicating" is far from being
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| | alcohol use between those who drank to
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| considered a new approach. In the United
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| | excess by choice and those who could not
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| States alcohol is the most widely used
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| | control their drinking. Several centuries
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| drug today, but certainly not the only
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| | later the English language distinguished
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| one.
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| | between drunkenness and addition to
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| As a nation we are materially rich and
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| | alcohol.
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| technologically brilliant, but we are
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| | In 1784 Dr. Benjamin Rush, the founder of
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| also a nation of drug users. In homes
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| | American psychiatry and a signer of the
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| across America you will find medicine
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| | Declaration of Independence, described
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| cabinets with large quantities of drugs
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| | habitual drinking as an involuntary
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| both over the counter and those
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| | condition; a disease caused by
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| prescribed by physicians. In fact, one
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| | "spirituous liquors." However, the
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| recent study indicated that many
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| | disease concept was eclipsed by the
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| teenagers from drugs that are easily
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| | Puritan belief, in America, until the
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| available in their parents' medicine
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| | failure of prohibition.
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| cabinet.
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| | Shortly before the repeal of the 18th
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| The mass media will call into action its
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| | Amendment, which outlawed the sale and
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| vast arsenal of resources to inform the
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| | manufacture of alcoholic beverages, the
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| public of the danger of cocaine, heroin,
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| | first edition of the American Standard
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| and other addictive substances. Yet, the
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| | Classified Nomenclature of Disease was
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| same mass media is impotent when it comes
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| | published. It listed both alcohol
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| to educating the public on the danger of
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| | addition and alcoholism as an illness. A
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| alcohol abuse. It appears that alcohol,
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| | few years later Alcoholic Anonymous was
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| the drug that is used more blatantly than
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| | founded and also embraced the disease
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| any other drug in man's history, is
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| | concept.
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| relegated to the back burner.
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| | The National Council on Alcoholism and
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| Most studies shows that among our youth,
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| | Drug Dependence and the American Society
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| especially college students, the switch
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| | of Addition Medicine defined alcoholism
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| is from a variety of unfamiliar and
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| | in this manner: Alcoholism is a chronic
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| esoteric drugs to the drug of alcohol
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| | disease with genetic, psychological and
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| commonly found in the most respectable
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| | environmental factors influencing its
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| and law abiding homes across the nation.
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| | development and manifestations.
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| In this society we use alcohol for a
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| | The disease is often progressive and
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| variety of reasons; to be sociable, to be
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| | fatal. It's characterized by continuous
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| accepted, to relax, to gain courage, to
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| | or periodic impaired control over
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| improve self-esteem, and yes, to add
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| | drinking. A preoccupation with the drug
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| romance to our lives. And for many of us
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| | alcohol and the use of alcohol despite
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| alcohol is used to escape from
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| | adverse consequences, and distortions in
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| depression, fears, anxiety, and other
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| | thinking, the most notably is denial.
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| inadequacies real or imagined. It is for
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| | An individual is considered an alcoholic
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| these and other reasons the abuse of
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| | when his drinking become unmanageable and
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| alcohol is on the rise.
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| | causes problem in the drinker's personal,
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| For the majority of users alcohol appears
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| | professional, family, and social life.
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| to be a relatively safe drug, but not for
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| | And the individual is considered addicted
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| everyone. In fact, for those who are
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| | to alcohol if he is unable to predict
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| unable or unwilling to control their
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| | when he will stop or how much he will
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| alcohol use, the personal price of
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| | drink, and what the results of his
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| alcohol abuse is enormous on all level.
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| | drinking will be.
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| The psychological pain that it may
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| | It is estimated that between 15.5 million
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| relieve is a high price to pay compare to
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| | Americans exhibit signs of alcoholism or
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| the pain it causes as they slowly become
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| | alcohol dependence. And another 7.2
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| addicted to the drug of alcohol. Sooner
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| | million shows persistent pattern of
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| or later alcohol will weaken and destroy
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| | drinking behaviors associated with
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| those components of one's self that gives
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| | impaired health and social functioning. A
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| life meaning.
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| | report completed in 2000 indicated that
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| How long man has used alcoholic beverage
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| | alcoholism and alcohol-related problems
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| as part of his social activities is
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| | cost the nation an estimated $276 billion
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| unknown. What is known, however, is that
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| | per year in lost productivity, health
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| "booze" or alcohol was in use many
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| | care expenditures, crime, motor vehicle
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| thousands of years before the World
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| | accidents, and other related cost.
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| Health Organization declared alcohol a
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| | In America alcohol-related problems
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| habit forming and addicting drug.
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| | strike one family in every three. Fetal
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| Neolithic man, for example, discovered
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| | Alcohol Syndrome is one of the leading
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| and used berry wine since about 6400 BC.
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| | causes of birth defects and mental
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| And there are those who have suggested
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| | retardation in the United States. Alcohol
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| that the use of some form of alcoholic
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| | is closely related suicide. A recent
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| beverage go as far back as 300 or 400 BC.
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| | study showed that half of all inmates
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| A by produce of honey called mead is
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| | convicted of violent crimes had used
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| reported to be the oldest alcoholic
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| | alcohol just prior to the offense.
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| beverage known to man.
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| | Alcoholism directly affects those close
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| It's further suggested that mead first
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| | to the alcoholic, especially family
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| appeared during the Paleolithic age. It
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| | members. Often the affected family
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| is well documented that beer drinking by
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| | members need appropriate help to recovery
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| Native-Americans was well on its way when
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| | as well as the alcoholic himself. Most
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| Columbus reached these shores.
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| | alcoholism treatment programs include a
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| Fruits and cereal grains are the most
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| | family component with referrals to
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| common products that are fermented to
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| | self-help and support groups. One out of
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| produce alcoholic beverage in many
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| | five children in lived with an alcoholic
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| cultures, including the Untied States.
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| | while growing up in America.
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| While other cultures commonly use plants
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| | One in ten adult been married to or
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| as the base for fermentation of alcoholic
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| | shared a close relationship with an
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| beverages. During his expedition to
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| | alcoholic. Women are exposed more often
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| Mexico in 1518, Cortez commented
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| | to alcoholism in the family than men.
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| approvingly on the locally distilled
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| | Women are more likely to have been in a
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| beverage called "pulque."
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| | marriage with an alcoholic than men.
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| Pulque is made from cactus plant and has
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| | Alcoholism can be overcome with proper
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| an alcoholic content of about 6%. Mead
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| | treatment, prevention by education the
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| has an alcoholic content of appropriately
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| | public about the disease of alcoholism.
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| 10-12% and is believe to be presently
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| | An acute awareness and understanding of
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| available in some culture. The
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| | the early signs of problem drinking is
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| traditional rice wine, of the Far East,
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| | vital. Other preventive measures are
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| called "sacke" is well-known to many
| |
| | avoiding high-risk drinking, know your
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| Americans, especially servicemen of World
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| | family's history with alcohol, and know
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| War II and the Korean conflict. The
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| | your own history with alcohol use.
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| alcoholic content of rice wine is said to
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